Retenção de caixa e desempenho econômico: o papel da riqueza socioemocional na distinção entre empresas familiares e não familiares
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17524/repec.v20.e3721Palavras-chave:
Retenção de caixa, Retorno sobre ativos (ROA), Empresas familiares, Riqueza Sociemocional, Controle e Influência FamiliarResumo
Objetivo: Este estudo analisa a relação entre reservas de caixa e desempenho econômico (ROA), comparando empresas familiares e não familiares sob a ótica da Riqueza Socioemocional (SEW), com destaque para os efeitos exclusivos da SEW estendida para as empresas familiares. Nessa análise também são considerados o efeito moderador da dimensão “controle e influência familiar” (FCI) e do alto endividamento.
Método: A análise baseia-se na abordagem de apostas mistas, interpretando as decisões de retenção de caixa como trade-offs entre ganhos e perdas potenciais, e utiliza modelos de regressão, com especificação não linear, considerando o período de 2010 a 2019. A amostra compreende 183 empresas listadas na B3, segmentadas em empresas familiares e não familiares.
Resultados: Os resultados indicam uma relação linear e positiva entre reservas de caixa e desempenho apenas em empresas familiares, enquanto nas empresas não familiares e na amostra total observa-se uma relação não linear em formato de U-invertido. Além disso, um alto nível de FCI fortalece os efeitos positivos das reservas de caixa no desempenho das empresas familiares, estando em linha com a ideia de que promove maior alinhamento entre objetivos econômico-financeiros e socioemocionais. O alto endividamento, por sua vez, não mostrou significância na relação investigada.
Implicações Práticas e Sociais: Os achados sugerem que o envolvimento de membros familiares na alta governança pode atuar como um mecanismo relevante na gestão financeira, favorecendo o desempenho da empresa. Isso estaria relacionado ao fato de que, nas empresas familiares, um alto nível de FCI facilita o alinhamento entre objetivos financeiros e socioemocionais, potencializando os benefícios da retenção de caixa.
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